Re-learning Matriarchy: Exploring Women's Influence in Peacebuilding in the Northern Thai Society

Abstract

This research explored the complex cultural dynamics of matriarchy within Northern Thailand, focusing on Lanna traditions, amidst the prevailing patriarchy in broader societal and religious contexts. Employing a comprehensive method involving field visits, literature reviews, and engagements in Lawa, Lua, Karen, and Lahu villages, the study explored three primary objectives: the perceptions shaping women's roles, their contributions to Northern Thai society, and the influence of implicit matriarchy stemming from ancient beliefs. Despite conventional expectations, the findings reveal women's significant impacts on the economy, spiritual practices, maternal duties, conflict management skills, and their distinct connections to land ownership. Historical narratives depicted women assuming roles in political and military leadership, underscoring the interplay between ancient matriarchal systems and dominant patriarchal norms. The study synthesized the coexistence of these influences, providing insights into roles of women in Northern Thai society. Furthermore, it offered recommendations for educators and community leaders to empower and promote the advancement of women in the region, thus fostering a more inclusive, gender-equitable, and culturally sensitive educational framework that contributes to broader societal progress and a peaceful community.